40 PIN GPIO

Rhino Pi-X1 is equipped with two types of onboard 40 PIN GPIO interfaces:

• 40-Pin 3.3V GPIO Expansion Interface (Raspberry Pi Compatible)
• 40-Pin 1.8V GPIO Expansion Interface

Warning

When using the 40-Pin GPIO interfaces, pay attention to the wiring between the pins and peripherals. Ensure correct pin connections—improper operation may cause damage to the device hardware.

40-Pin 3.3V GPIO (Raspberry Pi Compatible)

Rhino Pi-X1 features an onboard 40-PIN box header connector with 2.5mm pitch for 3.3V GPIO expansion, providing highly flexible interface support for hardware expansion. Users can connect various sensors, communication modules, displays, and other embedded peripherals via this interface to implement rapid prototyping and functional verification in fields such as the Internet of Things (IoT), robot control, and industrial automation.

The functions of the 40-Pin 3.3V GPIO expansion interface are shown in the table below:

Function	PIN#	PIN#	Function
3.3V OUT	1	2	5V OUT
I2C1_SDA	3	4	5V OUT
I2C1_SCL	5	6	GND
GPIO_00	7	8	GPIO_12
GND	9	10	GPIO_01
GPIO_05	11	12	LPI_I2S2_CLK
I2C4_SDA	13	14	GND
I2C4_SCL	15	16	UART_RX
3.3V OUT	17	18	GPIO_61
SPI3_MOSI	19	20	GND
SPI3_MISO	21	22	GPIO_118
SPI3_CLK	23	24	SPI3_CS0
GND	25	26	GPIO_22
GPIO_32	27	28	GPIO_33
UART_TX	29	30	GND
GPIO_62	31	32	GPIO_91
GPIO_124	33	34	GND
LPI_I2S2_WS	35	36	GPIO_63
GPIO_60	37	38	LPI_I2S2_DATA0
GND	39	40	LPI_I2S2_DATA1

40-Pin 1.8V GPIO

Rhino Pi-X1 is equipped with an onboard 40-PIN box header connector with 2.5mm pitch for 1.8V GPIO expansion, which better adapts to peripherals with different IO voltage level requirements.

The functions of the 40-Pin 1.8V GPIO expansion interface are shown in the table below:

Function	PIN#	PIN#	Function
NC	1	2	1.8V OUT
NC	3	4	GND
GPIO_71	5	6	I2S1_CLK
NC	7	8	I2S1_WS
GND	9	10	I2S1_DATA0
GPIO_36	11	12	I2S1_DATA1
GPIO_37	13	14	GND
Uart TX	15	16	1.8V/100mA
Uart RX	17	18	SENSOR_I3C_SCL
MAG_ALPS_I2C_SCL	19	20	SENSOR_I3C_SDA
MAG_ALPS_I2C_SDA	21	22	SENSOR_I2C_SCL
GPIO_06	23	24	SENSOR_I2C_SDA
ADC IN0	25	26	I2S3_DATA1
Debug_UART_TX	27	28	5V OUT/300mA
Debug_UART_RX	29	30	I2S3_DATA0
I2S3_CLK	31	32	ADC IN1
I2S3_WS	33	34	GND
GND	35	36	ADC IN2
CAN_L	37	38	GND
CAN_H	39	40	PWM

Basic Interface Testing

GPIO

GPIO Overview

General-Purpose Input/Output (GPIO) refers to non-specialized digital signal pins on integrated circuits or electronic circuit boards (such as MCU/MPU). These pins can be used as input, output, or both, and are controllable via software.

Preparation

• Rhino Pi-X1
• Multimeter
• Open-source tool: gpiod

sudo apt update
sudo apt install gpiod libgpiod2 libgpiod-dev

Connection

Take PIN3 (GPIO28) of the Raspberry Pi 40 PIN header as an example for testing:

• Turn on the multimeter and rotate the switch to the DC voltage 4V range gear.
• Connect the red multimeter lead to PIN 3 (GPIO28) of the Raspberry Pi 40 PIN header on Rhino Pi-X1.
• Connect the black multimeter lead to PIN 6 (GND) of the Raspberry Pi 40 PIN header on Rhino Pi-X1.

Testing

• Output High Level

sudo gpioset /dev/gpiochip0 28=1

Observe that the multimeter shows a voltage of approximately 3.3V.

• Output Low Level

sudo gpioset /dev/gpiochip0 28=0

Observe that the multimeter shows a voltage of approximately 0V.

More Interface Applications

For more applications of the 40 PIN interface, please refer to 40 PIN Pin Applications.